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Residential ultraviolet radiation and breast cancer risk in a large prospective cohort.

Gregoire et al,

2022

Environ Int

A study of 48,450 women followed for over 10 years found that higher residential UV radiation exposure was associated with a 27% reduced risk of estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer, but showed no association with overall breast cancer risk or ER-positive breast cancer. The protective effect against ER- breast cancer was particularly strong (48% risk reduction) among women who did not regularly take Vitamin D supplements, while those taking supplements showed no benefit from UV exposure. These findings suggest that UV-induced Vitamin D production may specifically protect against ER- breast cancer, a particularly aggressive subtype, supporting the importance of adequate Vitamin D levels through natural sunlight exposure or supplementation.

Female breast cancer risk in Bryansk Oblast, Russia, following prolonged low dose rate exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl power station accident.

Rivkind et al,

2020

Int J Epidemiol

This Russian study of 468 breast cancer cases found that women exposed to prolonged low-level radiation from the Chernobyl nuclear accident had approximately three times higher breast cancer risk in the highest exposure groups compared to those with the lowest exposure, even though radiation doses were relatively low (averaging just 1.3 centigray). The study tracked women for about 25 years after the 1986 Chernobyl accident and estimated their radiation exposure based on where they lived and what they ate during that time. The findings suggest that even prolonged exposure to low levels of radiation—not just high-dose exposures—can increase breast cancer risk, particularly among women who were younger at the time of exposure.

Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and breast cancer risk: A dose-response meta-analysis.

Li et al,

2020

Medicine

A meta-analysis of 6 studies found that exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation was associated with a 30% reduced breast cancer risk overall, with a dose-response analysis showing a linear protective relationship in women over 40 (14% risk reduction per unit increase in UV exposure). Notably, not tanning and covering the limbs were associated with increased breast cancer risk, while sunscreen use showed no association with risk, suggesting that actual UV skin exposure—rather than ambient UV levels alone—may be the key protective factor. This is the first dose-response meta-analysis demonstrating that higher UV exposure correlates with lower breast cancer risk in a linear fashion among middle-aged and older women, likely through Vitamin D production, though the findings highlight the complex balance between skin cancer risks from excessive UV exposure versus potential breast cancer protection from adequate sun exposure, and the need for further research on how factors like estrogen receptor status, Occupation, and ethnicity modify this relationship.

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